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October 20, 2025 by IGSD A Fast hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) Phase Down is Less Expensive than Slow!

20 October 2025 – Montreal Protocol insiders and scholars from Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Ghana, and the United States have authored a new paper documenting that faster phasedown of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to help avert near-term climate tipping points will cost less than the existing schedule. The paper, HFC Phasedown Under the Kigali Amendment to the […]

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October 20, 2025

October 10, 2025 by IGSD Judicial Responses to the Advisory Opinion from the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the Climate Emergency

10 October 2025 – Three advisory opinions on climate change have clarified state obligations under international law: the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Advisory Opinion on Climate Change and the Law of the Sea (May 2024); the Inter-American Court of Human Rights Advisory Opinion OC-32/25 on Human Rights and the Climate Emergency […]

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October 10, 2025

October 1, 2025 by IGSD Haryana Launches State Environment Plan and Landmark Report on Non-CO₂ Pollutants

1 October 2025 – On 16 September 2025, Haryana Chief Minister Shri Nayab Singh Saini unveiled the new State Environment Plan (SEP), released in Panchkula, Haryana, which offers a complete analysis of the state’s environmental landscape. The plan covers areas like agriculture, waste management, transportation, air and noise pollution, as well as biodiversity. The SEP […]

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October 1, 2025

September 28, 2025 by IGSD At New York Climate Week, Heads of State Call for Mandatory Methane Mitigation

New York, 28 September 2025 – The Climate & Clean Air Coalition’s methane forum, co-hosted with Michael Bloomberg, was one of the most important meetings of Climate Week 2025. Ministers and current and former heads of State urged the world to take faster action to cut methane emissions to slow near-term warming. The call for […]

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September 28, 2025

September 16, 2025 by IGSD How the Montreal Protocol Put the Stratospheric Ozone Layer on the Path to Recovery and Delayed Climate Tipping Points

16 September 2025 – Today, on the occasion of the United Nations International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, IGSD, in collaboration with the Planetary Guardians Initiative, Plus Wonder, and others, released a report describing how the stratospheric ozone layer recovered from the danger zone through swift action under the Montreal Protocol on […]

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September 16, 2025

September 16, 2025 by IGSD Industry Leadership in Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning

16 September 2025 – In celebration of the United Nations International Ozone Day, the Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development (IGSD) and the Mobile Air Climate Systems Association (MACS) released a 100-page history of automotive leadership in air conditioning and heating technology that protects the stratospheric ozone layer and climate. The history also includes a […]

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September 16, 2025

September 3, 2025 by IGSD Punjab Launches Landmark Report on Non-CO₂ Pollutants for Cleaner Air and Climate Action

On World Environment Day, the Indian state of Punjab published Pathways to Net Zero in Punjab: The Critical Role of Non-CO₂ Pollutants, a groundbreaking report signaling a shift toward comprehensive climate action. The report, collaboratively developed by the Punjab State Council for Science & Technology, the Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development, and The Energy […]

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September 3, 2025

August 27, 2025 by IGSD China Releases Industrial Nitrous Oxide Emissions Control Action Plan

27 August 2025 – Today, China released its Action Plan for Controlling Industrial-Sector Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) Emissions (“Action Plan”), jointly issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. IGSD’s bilingual Chinese-English version of the Action Plan is available here. This […]

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August 27, 2025

July 4, 2025 by IGSD Groundbreaking Legal Opinion from Inter-American Human Rights Court Declares States’ Obligations to Address the Climate Emergency

San Jose, Costa Rica, 4 July 2025 — Yesterday the Inter-American Court of Human Rights published its groundbreaking legal opinion declaring that States have a wide range of human rights obligations to address what the Court unanimously agreed to be a real and escalating climate emergency. In order to protect and guarantee multiple human rights […]

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July 4, 2025

July 1, 2025 by IGSD Webinar: First Reflections on the Inter-American Court’s Advisory Opinion on the Climate Emergency and Human Rights

On Thursday 3 July, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights is releasing its long-awaited Advisory Opinion on the Climate Emergency and Human Rights. In the forthcoming Opinion the Court is expected to clarify the obligations of States to protect human rights by addressing the causes and consequences of climate change, taking into account considerations of […]

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July 1, 2025